Maintenance of a fascia such as replacement or painting generally does not require planning permission.
However, if you live in a listed building or designated area (conservation area, national park, area of outstanding natural beauty, etc...) you should check with your local planning authority before carrying out any work.
The replacement of any fascia board or soffit will not normally require a building regulations application to be submitted.
If the existing system had vents installed, then this will need to be maintained as they provide ventilation to the roof.